Abstract Detail

Systematics

Pejhanmehr, Mersedeh [1], Morden, Clifford [2], Yorkston, Mitsuko [3].

Phylogenetic analysis of Sida (Malvaceae) and association with other Malveae genera.

Malveae has the greatest generic and species diversity of the three tribes of subfamily Malvoideae (Malvaceae) with approximately 70 genera and 1040 species. Within Malveae, Sida is one of the largest genera with over 100 species of mostly herbs and small shrubs with world-wide distribution. The generic circumscription of Sida is problematic. Previous genetic analysis with a limited representation of species and genera and one gene region indicated that Sida is polyphyletic with a core group of species forming a distinct clade, but many species more closely associated with other genera and clades. The purpose of this study was to thoroughly examine relationships of species within Sida and better understand the relations among other genera of the tribe Malveae. To do this research, leaf samples were obtained from 120 species of Sida and other Malveae genera. Total genomic DNA is extracted, the non-gene coding nuclear and chloroplast regions including ITS, ETS, 5S, psbA-trnH, trnL-trnF, matK/trnK regions amplified, databases obtained. Sequences were compared using Bayesian and Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses. My trees expanded the monophyletic Sida clade, but also placed many Sida species outside this clade indicating their polyphyletic relationships of belonging to genera other than Sida and requiring taxonomic revision. The Sida clade had 24 species in previous studies. My results thus far have added 44 species to this clade (68 species total). Fifty-four species placed inside this clade, including the type species S. rhombifolia and other common species such as S. fallax, S. alnifolia, S. tobatiensis, S. elliotti, S. cupsidata. Fourteen species of Sida are out of this clade. For example, Sida hermaphrodita, S. hookeriana and S. tenuicarpa form a three taxa clade that is sister to a larger clade that includes the Sida clade, Abutilon species, and other Malveae genera. Furthermore, Sida palmata and S. oligandra are placed sister to Rhynchosida and Krapovickasia suggesting they may form distinct genera. Other large genera of Malveae are similarly not monophyletic. As with Sida, these genera (including Abutilon, Lavatera, Althea, Malva, Callirhoe, Alcea, Iliamna, Briquetia, Hochreutinera and Tetrasida) have a core group of species that form a monophyletic clade, but many species that are associated with other genera within the tribe. This study will assist with making clear Sida generic delimitations and the relationships among Malveae species. This will also shed light on the biogeography of Malveae and will make progress toward understanding Malvaceae evolution.

1 - University Of Hawaii At Manoa, Botany, St. John Plant Science Laboratory – 101, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, 96822, United States
2 - 94-333 Alula Place, Mililani, HI, 96789, United States
3 - University Of Hawaii At Manoa, Botany, St. John Plant Science Laboratory , 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI, 96822, United States

Keywords:
Sida
phylogeny
Malveae.

Presentation Type: Oral Paper
Session: SYS3, Systematics III: Cooley Award presentations
Location: Virtual/Virtual
Date: Wednesday, July 29th, 2020
Time: 10:00 AM
Number: SYS3001
Abstract ID:130
Candidate for Awards:George R. Cooley Award