Abstract Detail

Phylogenomics and evolution of Superrosids

Stull, Gregory W. [1], Kates, Heather [2], Tian, Qin [1], Folk, Ryan [3], Guralnick, Robert [2], Soltis, Douglas [2], Soltis, Pamela [2], Yi, Tingshuang [1].

A deeply sampled phylogenomic tree for Rosaceae, with preliminary insights on chromosome evolution, ancient polyploidy, and diversification patterns across the family.

Rosaceae, the namesake of the superrosid clade, are a large family with ~90 genera and 4,800 species, exhibiting considerable diversity in morphology, habit, and ecological setting. The family is of major economic importance, mainly because of its exceptional diversity of edible fruits, including apples, apricots, cherries, loquats, peaches, pears, plums, raspberries, and strawberries. The family is also notable for its high incidence of hybridization and polyploidy; these processes have played an important role not only in the origin/development of crops, but also in shaping evolutionary trajectories across the family. Rosaceae therefore represent an excellent system for investigating the roles of polyploidy and hybridization in driving broader macroevolutionary patterns of morphological innovation, diversification, and niche evolution, topics of major importance across land plants and especially angiosperms. However, reconstructing hybridization and polyploidy (aka whole-genome duplication) events across major radiations is a considerable challenge, requiring dense sampling of both species and gene regions (ideally from both the nuclear and chloroplast genomes), along with chromosome count data and/or genomic analyses (e.g., gene-duplication mapping). Furthermore, examining how these phenomena have shaped broader patterns of morphological evolution also requires large-scale trait datasets, which are currently lacking for Rosaceae. Here, we present preliminary results of a large-scale phylogenomic study of Rosaceae (including 86 nuclear loci across ~1500 species), aimed at establishing a well-resolved framework for investigating the drivers of major shifts in trait evolution, diversification, and biogeographic history across the family. We also present preliminary analyses of chromosome evolution in Rosaceae, setting the stage for further investigation of the macroevolutionary significance of polyploidy.

1 - Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
2 - University Of Florida, Florida Museum Of Natural History, Dickinson Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
3 - Mississippi State University, 295 E. Lee Blvd., P.O. Box GY, 295 E. Lee Blvd., P.O. Box GY, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, United States
4 - University Of Florida, Florida Museum Of Natural History, Dickinson Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States

Keywords:
chromosome evolution
Diversification
hybridization
phylogenomics
polyploidy
Rosaceae
Rosales.

Presentation Type: Colloquium Presentations
Session: COL07, Phylogenomics and evolution of superrosids
Location: Virtual/Virtual
Date: Wednesday, July 29th, 2020
Time: 4:45 PM
Number: COL07007
Abstract ID:339
Candidate for Awards:None