Abstract Detail

Mechanisms of rapid adaptation through the expression of “heterogenomicity”

Harris, Zachary [1], Klein, Laura [2], Migicovsky, Zoe [3], Chitwood, Dan [4], Fennell, Anne [5], Ma, Qin [6], Kovacs, Laszlo [7], Kwasniewski, Misha [8], Londo, Jason [9], Miller, Allison [10].

Rootstock effects on shoot system phenotypes in a hybrid grape vineyard.

The process of grafting surgically connects the shoot system of one plant (the scion) to the root system of a second plant (the rootstock), creating a single individual with two distinct genomes. In grapevine, grafting is used to combine beneficial rootstock traits, ranging from soil adaptation to disease resistance, with shoots that produce desirable grapes. However, little is known about the extent to which different rootstock genotypes can influence scion phenotypes and whether rootstock effects are persistent throughout the grapevine growing season. Here, we take a systems biological approach to survey variation in leaf phenotypes including molecular (the ionome, the metabolome, and the transcriptome), morphological (leaf morphology) and physiological traits (leaf CO₂ concentration, stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration, and water potential). We survey these traits three times over the grapevine growing season and show that some phenotypes (for example, in the leaf ionome) have strong rootstock genotype effects and that that signal varies over the growing season. Conversely, some phenotypes (for example, leaf morphology) are significantly controlled by development more so than by rootstock genotype. Overall, we show that rootstock genotype confers a complex signal to shoot system phenotypes and that the signal is often dependent on other factors such as developmental variation.

1 - Saint Louis University, Biology, 1 N. Grand Blvd, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, United States
2 - 720 Lohrman Ln, Petaluma, CA, 94952, United States
3 - 32 Main Street, Kentville, NS, B4N1J5, Canada
4 - Michigan State University, Horticulture, 428 S Shaw Ln, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
5 - South Dakota State University, Agronomy, Horticulture & Plant Science, Box 2140C University Station, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
6 - Ohio State, Biomedical Informatics, 1760 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
7 - Missouri State University, Biology, 901 S. National Ave, Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
8 - Penn State, Food Science, 326 Rodney A. Erickson Food Science Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
9 - USDA ARS, 15 Castle Creek Drive, 15 Castle Creek Drive, Geneva, NY, 14456, United States
10 - Saint Louis Univ./Danforth Plant Science Center, Biology, 3507 Laclede Avenue, Macelwane Hall, St. Louis, MO, 63110, United States

Keywords:
Grafting
Comprehensive Phenotying
Grapevine.

Presentation Type: Colloquium Presentations
Session: COL06, Mechanisms of rapid adaptation through the expression of “heterogenomicity”
Location: Virtual/Virtual
Date: Thursday, July 30th, 2020
Time: 3:45 PM
Number: COL06003
Abstract ID:580
Candidate for Awards:None